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KMID : 1040220110030010001
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Journal of the Korean Academy of Health and Welfare for Elderly
2011 Volume.3 No. 1 p.1 ~ p.19
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The effect of lifestyle and Perceived benefit - Perceived barriers of middle and old-aged people on the health promotion behavior
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Ham Young-Hee
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Abstract
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The research model established the theoretical framework and hypothetical model based on Pender`s (1996) Health Promotion Model and related literature review. The predictive variables were constructed utilizing items such as personal life style, perceived health status & perceived emotion in regard to individual behavior. Exogenous variables include general personal characteristics such as age, gender, educational level, presence of religion, marital status, average monthly income, and current health status. As for endogenous variables, the study considered such life style parameters as socialization seeking, economic stability seeking, trend seeking, and health see -king, environmental stability seeking. Measurement variables include such behavior-related variables as perceived benefit, perceived barrier, perceived self-efficacy, and perceived social support. Health promotion behaviors were designated as latent variables. For this study, data were collected from questionnaire that had been distributed to some 1,000 residents(40~60) living in the city of Daegu & in the surrounding province of Gyeongsangbuk-do. Of the total distribution, 955 copies of the questionnaire were collected. The study utilized data from 938 of 955 responses. For data analysis, descriptive statistics/ correlation analysis was performed using the SPSS 18.0 program. The results of this study can be summarized as follows. 1. The following are the results from differential analysis of related variables categorized according to general characteristics. Measurements from the analysis of average life style characteristics are as follows; environmental stability seeking (3.59 points), economic stability seeking(3.56 points), health seeking(3.36 points),socialization seeking(3.18 points), trend seeking(2.64 points), respectively. The general characteristics of behavior related cognition-emotion rendered the following averages; perceived benefit (4.29 points) and perceived barrier (2.48 points), respectively. Health promotion behaviors adjusted for various general characteristics averaged 3.24 points. 2. According to the results of differential analysis in general characteristics, the study selected 23 out of 35 sub-hypothesis (life style hypothesis #1), 8 out of 14 sub-hypothesis (behavior-related cognition and emotion hypothesis #2), and 5 out of 7 sub-hypothesis (health promotion behaviors hypothesis #3). The hypothesis selected according to general characteristics variables were as follows; 1) Age analysis: Trend-seeking (among lifestyle categories) were higher, the younger the age. 2) Gender analysis: Socialization-seeking (among lifestyle categories) was stronger among men while economic stability seeking, trend-seeking, health-seeking, and environmental stability seeking were higher among women. Perceived benefit(among behavior related cognition-emotion variables) was higher in women. Health promotion behavior was higher among women. 3) Educational level analysis: Socialization-seeking, trend-seeking, environmental stability seeking (among lifestyle categories) seeking higher, the more educational the respondents had achieved. Perceived benefit(among behavior related cognition-emotion variables) were higher for respondents with higher educational level. Health promotion activities were also higher in the more educated group. 4) Religion analysis: Socialization-seeking, economic stability seeking stability seeking, health seeking, environmental stability seeking (among lifestyle categories) were higher when the respondents were religious. Perceived benefit(among behavior related cognition-emotion variables) were higher when respondents with a religion. Health promotion activities were also higher in the religious group. 5) Marital status analysis: Socialization-seeking, trend-seeking, and environmental stability seeking (among lifestyle categories) were higher when respondents were married. Perceived barriers (among behavior related cognition-emotion) were, however, higher when respondents were without a spouse. 6) Average monthly income analysis: Socialization seeking and trend seeking (among lifestyle categories) were higher when respondents were with higher average monthly income while economic stability seeking stability seeking was higher when their income was lower. was higher when respondents had higher monthly average income while perceived barriers(among behavior related cognition-emotion variables) were higher when the income was lower. Health promotion behaviors were higher when respondents had higher average monthly income. 7) Current health status analysis: Socialization-seeking, trend-seeking, health seeking, and environmental stability seeking (among lifestyle categories) were higher when respondents were currently in good health. Perceived benefit(among behavior related cognition-emotion variables) were higher when respondents had good health while perceived barriers were higher when their health was poor. Health promotion activities were higher when respondents were healthy. This study has identified relative variables that directly or indirectly influence health promotion activities in the middle age, and elderly groups(40-60) by considering factors in lifestyle categories, and behavior-related cognition-emotion types. This study further proved that these relative variables can be utilized in predicting health promotion activities in 40-60 age groups. Therefore, hypotheses tested in this study can be applied in health promotion activities in the middle age and the elderly population. In an effort to promote addition of healthy years to their life expectancy, these proven hypotheses will provide an important foundation for developing public health strategies, nursing care planning, and welfare promotion activities. It can also be expected that various health promotion programs can be developed, applied and taught based on these proven hypotheses. Public health, nursing, welfare promotion strategies will, then, bring general improvement in health promotion activities in this population.
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KEYWORD
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lifestyle, Perceived benefit·Perceived barriers, health promotion behavior
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